Removal Criteria

Wire Rope Slings

Wire Rope Slings (ASME B30.9) A wire rope sling shall be removed from service if conditions such as the following are present:

  1. Missing or illegible sling identification.

  2. Broken wires:

    • For strand-laid and single-part slings, ten randomly distributed broken wires in one rope lay, or five broken wires in one strand in one rope lay.

    • For cable-laid slings, 20 broken wires per lay.

    • For six-part braided slings, 20 broken wires per braid.

    • For eight-part braided slings, 40 broken wires per braid.

  3. Severe localized abrasion or scraping.

  4. Kinking, crushing, bird caging, or any other damage resulting in damage to the rope structure.

  5. Evidence of heat damage.

  6. End attachments that are cracked, deformed, or worn to the extent that the strength of the sling is substantially affected.

  7. Severe corrosion of the rope, end attachments, or fittings.

  8. For hooks, removal criteria at stated in ASME B30.10.

  9. Other conditions, including visible damage, that cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling.

Wire Rope

Wire Rope shall be immediately removed from service if any of the following conditions are present:
    1. Birdcaging is caused by sudden release of tension and the resulting rebound of rope. These strands and wires will not be returned to their original positions.

    2. Localized Wear? over an equalized sheave. The danger is that it’s invisible during the rope’s operation. Localized wear The rope should be pulled off the sheave during inspection and bent to check for broken wires.

    3. High Strand is a condition in which one or more strands are worn before adjoining strands. This is caused by improper socketing or seizing, kinks, or dog-legs.

    4. Curled is a condition in Curled which one or more strands are worn before adjoining strands. This is caused by improper socketing or seizing, kinks, or dog-legs.

    5. Drum Crushing is caused by small drums, high loads and Drum Crushing multiple winding conditions.

    6. Valley Wire Breaks where the wire fractures between strands or a broken wire protrudes between strands, replace when there is Drum Crushing more than one valley break.

    7. Wire ropes used as running ropes other than sand lines should be removed from service when broken wires meet any of the following criteria:
      1. Mobile cranes for six and eight strand constructions, replace when you see six randomly distributed broken wires within one lay length, or three broken wires in one strand within one lay length.
      2. Overhead and Gantry Cranes for six and eight strand constructions, replace when you see twelve randomly distributed broken wires within one lay length, or four broken wires in one strand within one lay length.
      3. For rotation ? resistant constructions, replace when you see two randomly distributed broken wires in six rope diameters, or four randomly distributed broken wires in 30 rope diameters.
      4. Sand lines should be removed from service when you see three broken wires within one lay length.
    8. Wire ropes used as standing ropes such as guy lines, escape lines and pendant lines should be removed from service when any of the following conditions exists:
      1. Three broken wires are found within one lay length.
      2. More than one broken wire is found at the end connection.
      3. Broken wires are found in the valleys between the rope?s strands.
    9. Other reasons to replace ropes, broken wires are only one way wire ropes wear out. Other conditions for removal of wire rope from services are:
      1. Corrosion that pits the wires.
      2. Corroded wires at end connections.

Web Slings

Nylon Web Slings (ASME B30.9) A synthetic web sling shall be removed from service if conditions such as the following are present:

  1. Missing or illegible sling identification.
  2. Acid or caustic burns.
  3. Melting or charring of any part of the sling.
  4. Holes, tears, cuts or snags.
  5. Broken or worn stitching in load bearing splices.
  6. Excessive abrasive wear.
  7. Knots in any part of the sling.
  8. Discoloration and brittle or stiff areas on any part of the sling, which may mean chemical or ultraviolet/sunlight damage.
  9. Fittings that are pitted, corroded, cracked, bent, twisted, gouged or broken.
  10. For hooks, removal criteria as stated in ASME B30.10.
  11. Other conditions, including visible damage, that cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling.

Poly Round Slings

Polyester Round Slings (ASME B30.9) A synthetic round sling shall be removed from service if conditions such as the following are present:

  1. Missing or illegible sling identification.
  2. Acid or caustic burns.
  3. Evidence of heat damage.
  4. Holes, tears, cuts, abrasive wear or snags that expose the core yarns.
  5. Broken or damaged core yarns.
  6. Weld spatter that exposes core yarns.
  7. Round slings that are knotted.
  8. Discoloration and brittle or stiff areas on any part of the slings, which may mean chemical or ultraviolet/sunlight damage.
  9. Fittings that are pitted, corroded, cracked, bent, twisted, gouged or broken.
  10. For hooks, removal criteria as stated in ASME B30.10.
  11. Other conditions, including visible damage, that cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling.

Chain Slings

Alloy Steel Chain Slings (ASME B30.9) An alloy chain sling shall be removed from service if conditions such as the following are present:

  1. Missing or illegible sling identification.
  2. Cracks or breaks.
  3. Excessive wear, nicks or gouges.
  4. Stretched chain links or components.
  5. Bent, twisted or deformed chain links or components.
  6. Evidence of heat damage.
  7. Excessive pitting or corrosion.
  8. Lack of ability of chain or components to hinge (articulate) freely.
  9. Weld splatter.
  10. For hooks, removal criteria as stated in ASME B30.10.
  11. Other conditions, including visible damage, that cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling.